Exodus 38:21-31

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SEDRA PEKUDEY

Exodus 38:21 – 40:38

Still more on the Tabernacle, the priestly garments, the holy crown, the robe of the ephod, tunics and headgear; then the Mishkan is set up.

All of this must have happened while they were in one place, because you cannot do this kind of work while traveling (and you cannot do this kind of work in the middle of a desert, but that is quite amother matter). So we can assume they must have stopped at Sinai a good long while.

Exodus 38 (from verse 21)

38:21 ELEH PEKUDEY HA MISHKAN MISHKAN HA EDUT ASHER PUKAD AL PI MOSHEH AVODAT HA LEVIYIM BE YAD IYTAMAR BEN AHARON HA KOHEN

אֵלֶּה פְקוּדֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן מִשְׁכַּן הָעֵדֻת אֲשֶׁר פֻּקַּד עַל פִּי מֹשֶׁה עֲבֹדַת הַלְוִיִּם בְּיַד אִיתָמָר בֶּן אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֵן

KJ (King James translation): This is the sum of the tabernacle, even of the tabernacle of testimony, as it was counted, according to the commandment of Moses, for the service of the Levites, by the hand of Ithamar, son to Aaron the priest.

BN (BibleNet translation): These are the details of the Mishkan - the Tabernacle of the Testimony - as they were rendered according to the instruction of Mosheh, through the service of the Leviyim, by the hand of Iytamar ben Aharon the Kohen.

IYTAMAR: See the link

samech break

38:22 U VETSALEL BEN URI VEN CHUR LE MATEH YEHUDAH ASAH ET KOL ASHER TSIVAH YHVH ET MOSHEH

וּבְצַלְאֵל בֶּן אוּרִי בֶן חוּר לְמַטֵּה יְהוּדָה עָשָׂה אֵת כָּל אֲשֶׁר-צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת מֹשֶׁה

KJ: And Bezaleel the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah, made all that the LORD commanded Moses.

BN: And Betsal-El ben Uri ben Chur, of the tribe of Yehudah, made everything that YHVH instructed Mosheh.

BETSAL-EL: See the link.

38:23 VE ITO AHALI-AV BEN ACHI-SAMACH LE MATEH DAN CHARASH VE CHOSHEV VE ROKEM BA TECHELET U VA ARGAMAN U VE TOLA'AT HA SHANI U VA SHESH

וְאִתּוֹ אָהֳלִיאָב בֶּן אֲחִיסָמָךְ לְמַטֵּה דָן חָרָשׁ וְחֹשֵׁב וְרֹקֵם בַּתְּכֵלֶת וּבָאַרְגָּמָן וּבְתוֹלַעַת הַשָּׁנִי וּבַשֵּׁשׁ

KJ: And with him was Aholiab, son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, an engraver, and a cunning workman, and an embroiderer in blue, and in purple, and in scarlet, and fine linen.

BN: And with him was Ahali-Av ben Achi-Samach, of the tribe of Dan, a craftsman, and a skilled artisan, and a weaver in colours, in blue, and in purple, and in scarlet, and fine linen.

AHALI-AV: See the link.

Which tells us that Betsal-El did the smithwrighting and Ahali-Av the weave-work. We were not given this differentiation formally before. Indeed, it came across that Betsal-El was in charge of everything, and Ahali-Av little more than his apprentice, where this makes them craft-equals.

samech break

38:24 KOL HA ZAHAV HE ASU'I LA MELA'CHAH BE CHOL MELE'CHET HA KODESH VA YEHI ZEHAV HA TENUPHAH TESHA VE ESRIM KIKAR U SHEVA ME'OT U SHELOSHIM SHEKEL BE SHEKEL HA-KODESH

כָּל הַזָּהָב הֶעָשׂוּי לַמְּלָאכָה בְּכֹל מְלֶאכֶת הַקֹּדֶשׁ וַיְהִי זְהַב הַתְּנוּפָה תֵּשַׁע וְעֶשְׂרִים כִּכָּר וּשְׁבַע מֵאוֹת וּשְׁלֹשִׁים שֶׁקֶל בְּשֶׁקֶל הַקֹּדֶשׁ

KJ: All the gold that was occupied for the work in all the work of the holy place, even the gold of the offering, was twenty and nine talents, and seven hundred and thirty shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary.

BN: The total amount of gold that was used for the work, in all the work of the Sanctuary, including the gold of the offering, was twenty-nine talents, and seven hundred and thirty shekels, after the shekel of the Sanctuary.

1 talent = 30 kilograms, 1 shekel = 10 grams; click here for more detail.

38:25 VE CHESEPH PEKUDEY HA EDAH ME'AT KIKAR VE ELEPH U SHEVA ME'OT VA CHAMISHAH VE SHIV'IM SHEKEL BE SHEKEL HA KODESH

וְכֶסֶף פְּקוּדֵי הָעֵדָה מְאַת כִּכָּר וְאֶלֶף וּשְׁבַע מֵאוֹת וַחֲמִשָּׁה וְשִׁבְעִים שֶׁקֶל בְּשֶׁקֶל הַקֹּדֶשׁ

KJ: And the silver of them that were numbered of the congregation was an hundred talents, and a thousand seven hundred and threescore and fifteen shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary:

BN: And the silver collected from those of the congregation who were numbered [in the census] was a hundred talents, and one thousand, seven hundred and seventy-five shekels, after the shekel of the Sanctuary.

ME'AT... ME'OT: another of those oddities that are probably just scribal errors at the Masoretic stage; but see also verse 27. The other "oddity" is that this references a census which hasn't actually taken place yet, though it will, as soon as we begin the next book, Numbers.

38:26 BEKA LA GULGOLET MACHATSIT HA SHEKEL BE SHEKEL HA KODESH LE CHOL HA OVER AL HA PEKUDIM MI BEN ESRIM SHANAH VA MAL'AH LE SHESH ME'OT ELEPH U SHELOSHET ALAPHIM VA CHAMESH ME'OT VA CHAMISHIM

בֶּקַע לַגֻּלְגֹּלֶת מַחֲצִית הַשֶּׁקֶל בְּשֶׁקֶל הַקֹּדֶשׁ לְכֹל הָעֹבֵר עַל הַפְּקֻדִים מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמַעְלָה לְשֵׁשׁ מֵאוֹת אֶלֶף וּשְׁלֹשֶׁת אֲלָפִים וַחֲמֵשׁ מֵאוֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁים

KJ: A bekah for every man, that is, half a shekel, after the shekel of the sanctuary, for every one that went to be numbered, from twenty years old and upward, for six hundred thousand and three thousand and five hundred and fifty men.

BN: One bekah - which is to say, half a shekel, after the shekel of the Sanctuary - per man, for every one included in the census, from twenty years old and upward: six hundred and three thousand, five hundred and fifty men.

1 bekah = 5 grams

Or maybe they had already conducted the census, and the telling of it was held back for the Book of Numbers, so as not to interrupt the account of the making of the Mishkanhere. Certainly the total are the same, though once again we have to shake our heads in disbelief at that number, which equivalates to at least one and a half million souls in total - the number in the census only counts those of military age (see Numbers 1:3). Think of the Eritrean refugees fleeing into the Sudan in the 1980s, about the same number, and the scale of the refugee crisis, the hunger, the cholera, the thirst, the chaos.

38:27 VA YEHI ME'AT KIKAR HA KESEPH LATSEKET ET ADNEY HA KODESH VE ET ADNEY HA PAROCHET ME'AT ADANIM LIM'AT HA KIKAR KIKAR LA ADEN

וַיְהִי מְאַת כִּכַּר הַכֶּסֶף לָצֶקֶת אֵת אַדְנֵי הַקֹּדֶשׁ וְאֵת אַדְנֵי הַפָּרֹכֶת מְאַת אֲדָנִים לִמְאַת הַכִּכָּר כִּכָּר לָאָדֶן

KJ: And of the hundred talents of silver were cast the sockets of the sanctuary, and the sockets of the vail; an hundred sockets of the hundred talents, a talent for a socket.

BN: And the hundred talents of silver were for casting the sockets of the Sanctuary, and the sockets of the veil: a hundred sockets for the hundred talents, a talent for a socket.

38:28 VE ET HA ELEPH U SHEVA HA ME'OT VA CHAMISHA VE SHIV'IM ASAH VAVIM LA AMUDIM VE TSIPAH RA'SHEYHEM VE CHISHAK OTAM

וְאֶת הָאֶלֶף וּשְׁבַע הַמֵּאוֹת וַחֲמִשָּׁה וְשִׁבְעִים עָשָׂה וָוִים לָעַמּוּדִים וְצִפָּה רָאשֵׁיהֶם וְחִשַּׁק אֹתָם

KJ: And of the thousand seven hundred seventy and five shekels he made hooks for the pillars, and overlaid their chapiters, and filleted them.

BN: And with the one thousand, seven hundred and seventy-five shekels he made hooks for the rods, and overlaid their capitals, and made fillets for them.

38:29 U NECHOSHET HA TENUPHAH SHIV'IM KIKAR VE ALPAYIM VE ARBA ME'OT SHAKEL

וּנְחֹשֶׁת הַתְּנוּפָה שִׁבְעִים כִּכָּר וְאַלְפַּיִם וְאַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת שָׁקֶל

KJ: And the brass of the offering was seventy talents, and two thousand and four hundred shekels.

BN: And the brass of the offering was seventy talents and two thousand, four hundred shekels.

38:30 VA YA'AS BAH ET ADNEY PETACH OHEL MO'ED VE ET MIZBACH HA NECHOSHET VE ET MICHBAR HA NECHOSHET ASHER LO VE ET KOL KELEY HA MIZBE'ACH

וַיַּעַשׂ בָּהּ אֶת אַדְנֵי פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וְאֵת מִזְבַּח הַנְּחֹשֶׁת וְאֶת מִכְבַּר הַנְּחֹשֶׁת אֲשֶׁר לוֹ וְאֵת כָּל כְּלֵי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ

KJ: And therewith he made the sockets to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and the brasen altar, and the brasen grate for it, and all the vessels of the altar,

BN: With it he made the sockets for the door of the tent of meeting, and the brass altar, and the brass grating for it, and all the utensils for the altar.

38:31 VE ET ADNEY HE CHATSER SAVIV VE ET ADNEY SHA'AR HE CHATSER VE ET KOL YITDOT HA MISHKAN VE ET KOL YITDOT HE CHATSER SAVIV

וְאֶת אַדְנֵי הֶחָצֵר סָבִיב וְאֶת אַדְנֵי שַׁעַר הֶחָצֵר וְאֵת כָּל יִתְדֹת הַמִּשְׁכָּן וְאֶת כָּל יִתְדֹת הֶחָצֵר סָבִיב

KJ: And the sockets of the court round about, and the sockets of the court gate, and all the pins of the tabernacle, and all the pins of the court round about.

BN: And the sockets for the circumference of the court, and the sockets for the gate of the court, and all the pins for the Tabernacle, and all the pins for the circumference of the court.

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Exodus 30:1-10

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30:1 VE ASIYTA MIZBE'ACH MIKTAR KETORET ATSEY SHITIM TA'ASEH OTO

וְעָשִׂיתָ מִזְבֵּחַ מִקְטַר קְטֹרֶת עֲצֵי שִׁטִּים תַּעֲשֶׂה אֹתוֹ

KJ (King James translation): And thou shalt make an altar to burn incense upon: of shittim wood shalt thou make it.

BN (BibleNet translation): And you shall make an altar to burn incense upon; you shall make it of acacia-wood.

A group of refugees camped in the wilderness with nowhere to go except a dream of a promised land, does not normally sit down and work out these sorts of precise detail. Laws may well get written, even written down. But the kind of ceremony and ritual and clothing elaborated in these books is simply implausible. If they had dressed the priests, they would have used such clothing as was available, and based it on what they were familiar with in Mitsrayim (Egypt). Where would they have had the equipment to make all these things - the wood in particular, so much seasoned acacia, in what, if this is indeed Sinai, was an immense sand desert? When Shelomoh (Solomon) built the Temple later, he imported all his wood from Lebanon and Cyprus, there being none or insufficient available in Kena'an; and his Temple was scarcely larger than a parish church.

ATSEY SHITIM: Why acacia wood? I have already explained this in my notes to Exodus 25, where the Ark and its Table were also made of acacia (see particularly verse 5); but in brief: in a world in which every aspect of Nature was once connected with a god or goddess, and had previously been used in some context connected with that god or goddess, we have to assume that acacia was not chosen for the quality of its grain or its ease of carpentry. And so it is no surprise to discover that, in ancient Egypt, the acacia that grew along the River Nile was regarded as the Tree of Life, under which all the deities of Mitsrayim were born; but the most important version of it was the one that grew in the temple of Amun-Ra at On (Heliopolis), which of course was where Yoseph served as vizier.

The illustration above shows Pharaoh Rameses II - the most likely candidate for the Pharaoh of the slavery fragments of the Book of Exodus - seated under the Tree of Life, which is held up (much in the manner that Mosheh's arms were held up in the battle with the Amalekites in Exodus 17:11), by the god Thoth on the left, and the goddess Ptah on the right; not difficult from here to make a Yisra-Eli adaptation into Mosheh, Aharon and Mir-Yam (see also my note to Exodus 25:9, which explains that this was also a pictogram of Osher, for whom the Pharaoh was the earthly surrogate).

Magical and healing properties were attached to the Acacia Nilotica then, and still are today, especially among those who take an interest in hallucinogenics and psychedelics.

And had they not already made this altar, in chapter 27? No, this is a second altar, though its design is virtually identical - this will be placed beside the veil and will be used for the burning of incense, where the other was for the animal sacrifices.

30:2 AMAH ARKO VE AMAH RACHBO RAVU'A YIHEYEH VE AMATAYIM KOMATO MIMENU KARNOTAV

אַמָּה אָרְכּוֹ וְאַמָּה רָחְבּוֹ רָבוּעַ יִהְיֶה וְאַמָּתַיִם קֹמָתוֹ מִמֶּנּוּ קַרְנֹתָיו

KJ: A cubit shall be the length thereof, and a cubit the breadth thereof; foursquare shall it be: and two cubits shall be the height thereof: the horns thereof shall be of the same.

BN: Its length shall be a cubit, and its breadth likewise a cubit. It shall stand foursquare. Its height shall be two cubits. The horns shall be of one piece with it.

Barely a plant-stand then, eighteen inches by eighteen inches, three feet off the ground; for details of the ancient measurements, click here.

30:3 VE TSIPIYTA OTO ZAHAV TAHOR ET GAGO VE ET KIYROTAV SAVIV VE ET KARNOTAV VE ASIYTA LO ZER ZAHAV SAVIV

וְצִפִּיתָ אֹתוֹ זָהָב טָהוֹר אֶת גַּגּוֹ וְאֶת קִירֹתָיו סָבִיב וְאֶת קַרְנֹתָיו וְעָשִׂיתָ לּוֹ זֵר זָהָב סָבִיב

KJ: And thou shalt overlay it with pure gold, the top thereof, and the sides thereof round about, and the horns thereof; and thou shalt make unto it a crown of gold round about.

BN: And you shall overlay its top and sides with pure gold, and its horns likewise; and you shall make a crown of gold to encircle its top.

KARNOTAV: see my previous note on, and illustration of, the horned altar (Exodus 27:2)

30:4 U SHETEY TAB'OT ZAHAV TA'ASEH LO MI TACHAT LE ZERO AL SHETEY TSAL'OTAV TA'ASEH AL-SHENEY TSIDAV VE HAYAH LE VATIM LE VADIM LASE'T OTO BA HEMAH

וּשְׁתֵּי טַבְּעֹת זָהָב תַּעֲשֶׂה לּוֹ מִתַּחַת לְזֵרוֹ עַל שְׁתֵּי צַלְעֹתָיו תַּעֲשֶׂה עַל שְׁנֵי צִדָּיו וְהָיָה לְבָתִּים לְבַדִּים לָשֵׂאת אֹתוֹ בָּהֵמָּה

KJ: And two golden rings shalt thou make to it under the crown of it, by the two corners thereof, upon the two sides of it shalt thou make it; and they shall be for places for the staves to bear it withal.

BN: And you shall make two golden rings for it, underneath its crown, set upon each of its two ribs, one on either side; and they shall provide houses for the staves with which it may be carried.

LE VATIM...LE VADIM: Literally "houses", in the sense that carpenters use the word: a place to "house" the staves.

BAHEMAH: Sounds like BEHEMAH (= "cattle"), but it isn't, even though it will indeed be oxen that will draw the Ark. BA-HEM-AH, to break it down into its syllables: "in them".

30:5 VE ASITA ET HA BADIM ATSEY SHITIM VE-TSIPITA OTAM ZAHAV

וְעָשִׂיתָ אֶת הַבַּדִּים עֲצֵי שִׁטִּים וְצִפִּיתָ אֹתָם זָהָב

KJ: And thou shalt make the staves of shittim wood, and overlay them with gold.

BN: And you shall make the staves of acacia wood, and overlay them with gold.

ATSEY SHITIM: I shall not continuously comment, every time the acacia wood is mentioned; but you will see that acacia is the predominant material of the Ark in the desert, where cedar will be the predominant material of the Temple in Yeru-Shalayim, a switch from the traditions of Mitsrayim to those of Lebanon, from Osher (Osiris) to Adonis; and this latter will also be reflected in the name of god, YHVH here, but which will begin to be pronounced Adonai from that time on, and translated into English later as "the Lord", precisely because that was the meaning of Adonis.

30:6 VE NATATAH OTO LIPHNEY HA PAROCHET ASHER AL ARON HA EDUT LIPHNEY HA KAPORET ASHER AL HA EDUT ASHER IVA'ED LECHA SHAMAH

וְנָתַתָּה אֹתוֹ לִפְנֵי הַפָּרֹכֶת אֲשֶׁר עַל אֲרֹן הָעֵדֻת לִפְנֵי הַכַּפֹּרֶת אֲשֶׁר עַל הָעֵדֻת אֲשֶׁר אִוָּעֵד לְךָ שָׁמָּה

KJ: And thou shalt put it before the vail that is by the ark of the testimony, before the mercy seat that is over the testimony, where I will meet with thee.

BN: And you shall put it before the veil that is by the Ark of the Testimony, before the ark-cover that is over the Testimony, where I will meet with you.

Note the word-play again between PAROCHET and KAPORET, which in Yehudit are anagrams (פָּרֹכֶת - כַּפֹּרֶת).

IVA'ED: suggests the idea of "witness" or "testimony", from which we can read a very different type of religious encounter with god than in modern forms of prayer.

30:7 VE HIKTIR ALAV AHARON KETORET SAMIM BA BOKER BA BOKER BE HEYTIYVO ET HA NEROT YAKTIYRENAH

וְהִקְטִיר עָלָיו אַהֲרֹן קְטֹרֶת סַמִּים בַּבֹּקֶר בַּבֹּקֶר בְּהֵיטִיבוֹ אֶת הַנֵּרֹת יַקְטִירֶנָּה

KJ: And Aaron shall burn thereon sweet incense every morning: when he dresseth the lamps, he shall burn incense upon it.

BN: And Aharon shall burn on it incense of sweet spices; every morning, when he dresses the lamps, he shall burn it.

KETORET: The same sweet spices used at Havdalah, presumably.

NEROT: These being the seven candles in the Menorah.

Maphtir

30:8 U VE HA'ALOT AHARON ET HA NEROT BEYN HA ARBA'IM YAKTIYRENAH KETORET TAMID LIPHNEY YHVH LE DOROTEYCHEM

וּבְהַעֲלֹת אַהֲרֹן אֶת הַנֵּרֹת בֵּין הָעַרְבַּיִם יַקְטִירֶנָּה קְטֹרֶת תָּמִיד לִפְנֵי יְהוָה לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם

KJ: And when Aaron lighteth the lamps at even, he shall burn incense upon it, a perpetual incense before the LORD throughout your generations.

BN: And when Aharon lights the lamps at dusk, he shall burn it, a perpetual incense before YHVH throughout your generations.

The purpose of the sweet-smelling incense was simply to take away the odours of the sacrifices. The details of the incense are given in "Day of Atonement".

Intriguing to discover that the lights are kept on overnight - very dangerous in a cloth tent, in a desert prone to sandstorms. When he "dresses" them in the morning, is he extinguishing them, or simply cutting the wick and removing the melted wax, so that they can continue burning through the day?

30:9 LO TA'ALU ALAV KETORET ZARAH VE OLAH U MINCHAH VE NESECH LO TISCHU ALAV

לֹא תַעֲלוּ עָלָיו קְטֹרֶת זָרָה וְעֹלָה וּמִנְחָה וְנֵסֶךְ לֹא תִסְּכוּ עָלָיו

KJ: Ye shall offer no strange incense thereon, nor burnt sacrifice, nor meat offering; neither shall ye pour drink offering thereon.

BN: You shall offer no strange incense thereon, nor burnt-offering, nor meal-offering; and you shall pour no drink-offering on it.

Confirming that this is a second altar, different from the one in Exodus 27.

All this incense and sacrifice makes the cult of the Beney Yisra-El really no different from any other cult of the period; just the name of the god and a few minor details are specific.

30:10 VE CHIPER AHARON AL KARNOTAV ACHAT BA SHANAH MI DAM CHAT'AT HA KIPURIM ACHAT BA SHANAH YECHAPER ALAV LE DOROTEYCHEM KODESH KADASHIM HU LA YHVH

וְכִפֶּר אַהֲרֹן עַל קַרְנֹתָיו אַחַת בַּשָּׁנָה מִדַּם חַטַּאת הַכִּפֻּרִים אַחַת בַּשָּׁנָה יְכַפֵּר עָלָיו לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים הוּא לַיהוָה

KJ: And Aaron shall make an atonement upon the horns of it once in a year with the blood of the sin offering of atonements: once in the year shall he make atonement upon it throughout your generations: it is most holy unto the LORD.

BN: And Aharon shall make atonement on its horns once every year; using the blood of the sin-offering of atonement, once every year he shall make atonement for it, throughout your generations. It is most holy to YHVH.

This is not an injunction to celebrate Yom Kippur, despite the use of the word "atonement". As we saw in the previous chapter (verses 36 and 37), altars get dirty and have to be purged clean, no different from a human conscience. The actual institution of Yom Kippur takes place in Leviticus 16.

Chapter 30 continues with Sedra Ki Tisa; this sedra now ends.

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Exodus 40:1-38

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40:1 VA YEDABER YHVH EL MOSHEH LEMOR

וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר

KJ (King James translation): And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

BN (BibleNet translation): Then YHVH spoke to Mosheh, saying:

40:2 BE YOM HA CHODESH HA RI'SHON BE ECHAD LA CHODESH TAKIM ET MISHKAN OHEL MO'ED

בְּיוֹם הַחֹדֶשׁ הָרִאשׁוֹן בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ תָּקִים אֶת מִשְׁכַּן אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד

KJ: On the first day of the first month shalt thou set up the tabernacle of the tent of the congregation.

BN: "On the first day of the first month you shall set up the Tabernacle of the Tent of Meeting...

Which first month? The first day of whichever one happens to come next? We must assume it means the first month of the year, but that would be the Pesach. Unless this is late redaction, and it means the first month of the reorganised calendar, in which case it would be Rosh ha-Shanah, the first of Tishrey. See verse 17 below. And if it does mean Pesach, then precisely one calendar year (minus 14 days) will have elapsed between the departure from Egypt and the ceremony about to be described.

MISHKAN OHEL MO'ED: At different times we have seen the Ohel described as part of the Mishkan, with the courtyard described separately; at others, such as now, the two are the same thing. Where possible I have left the word MISHKAN in my English translation, but there are several instances, like this one, where it simply doesn't work, almost as if MISHKAN OHEL MO'ED is to be understood as a single concept, rather than as two, even though it is made up of these two parts.

40:3 VE SAMTA SHAM ET ARON HA EDUT VE SAKOTA AL HA ARON VE HA PAROCHET

וְשַׂמְתָּ שָׁם אֵת אֲרוֹן הָעֵדוּת וְסַכֹּתָ עַל הָאָרֹן אֶת הַפָּרֹכֶת

KJ: And thou shalt put therein the ark of the testimony, and cover the ark with the vail.

BN: "And you shall put in it the Ark of the Testimony, and you shall screen the Ark with the veil...

SAKOTA means "to screen"; and it is also the root of the word SUKOT, both the place and the festival; it came to mean a desert booth in the Bedou style, though clearly it is also linked to the ancient mother-goddess shrines.

40:4 VE HEV'E'TA ET HA SHULCHAN VE ARACHTA ET ERKO VE HEV'E'TA ET HA MENORAH VE HA'ALEYTA ET NEROTEYHA

וְהֵבֵאתָ אֶת הַשֻּׁלְחָן וְעָרַכְתָּ אֶת עֶרְכּוֹ וְהֵבֵאתָ אֶת הַמְּנֹרָה וְהַעֲלֵיתָ אֶת נֵרֹתֶיהָ

KJ: And thou shalt bring in the table, and set in order the things that are to be set in order upon it; and thou shalt bring in the candlestick, and light the lamps thereof.

BN: "And you shall bring in the table, and set in order the bread that is on it; and you shall bring in the candlestick, and light its lamps.

40:5 VE NATATA ET MIZBACH HA ZAHAV LIKTORET LIPHNEY ARON HA EDUT VE SAMTA ET MASACH HA PETACH LA MISHKAN

וְנָתַתָּה אֶת מִזְבַּח הַזָּהָב לִקְטֹרֶת לִפְנֵי אֲרוֹן הָעֵדֻת וְשַׂמְתָּ אֶת מָסַךְ הַפֶּתַח לַמִּשְׁכָּן

KJ: And thou shalt set the altar of gold for the incense before the ark of the testimony, and put the hanging of the door to the tabernacle.

BN: "And you shall erect the golden altar for incense before the Ark of the Testimony, and put up the screen for the door to the Mishkan...

40:6 VE NATATA ET MIZBACH HA OLAH LIPHNEY PETACH MISHKAN OHEL MO'ED

וְנָתַתָּה אֵת מִזְבַּח הָעֹלָה לִפְנֵי פֶּתַח מִשְׁכַּן אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד

KJ: And thou shalt set the altar of the burnt offering before the door of the tabernacle of the tent of the congregation.

BN: "And you shall place the altar of burnt-offering in front of the door of the Tabernacle of the Tent of Meeting...

40:7 VE NATATA ET HA KIYOR BEYN OHEL MO'ED U VEYN HA MIZBE'ACH VE NATATA SHAM MAYIM

וְנָתַתָּ אֶת הַכִּיֹּר בֵּין אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וּבֵין הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְנָתַתָּ שָׁם מָיִם

KJ: And thou shalt set the laver between the tent of the congregation and the altar, and shalt put water therein.

BN: "And you shall place the wash-basin between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and put water in it.

40:8 VE SAMTA ET HE CHATSER SAVIV VE NATATA ET MASACH SHA'AR HE CHATSER

וְשַׂמְתָּ אֶת הֶחָצֵר סָבִיב וְנָתַתָּ אֶת מָסַךְ שַׁעַר הֶחָצֵר

KJ: And thou shalt set up the court round about, and hang up the hanging at the court gate.

BN: "And you shall set up the courtyard around it, and hang up the screen for the gate of the courtyard...

40:9 VE LAKACHTA ET SHEMEN HA MISHCHAH U MASHACHTA ET HA MISHKAN VE ET KOL ASHER BO VE KIDASHTA OTO VE ET KOL KELAV VE HAYAH KODESH

וְלָקַחְתָּ אֶת שֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה וּמָשַׁחְתָּ אֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּן וְאֶת כָּל אֲשֶׁר בּוֹ וְקִדַּשְׁתָּ אֹתוֹ וְאֶת כָּל כֵּלָיו וְהָיָה קֹדֶשׁ

KJ: And thou shalt take the anointing oil, and anoint the tabernacle, and all that istherein, and shalt hallow it, and all the vessels thereof: and it shall be holy.

BN: "And you shall take the anointing oil, and anoint the Tabernacle, and everything that is in it, and sanctify it, and all its furniture; and it shall be holy...

40:10 U MASHACHTA ET MIZBACH HA OLAH VE ET KOL KELAV VE KIDASHTA ET HA MIZBE'ACH VE HAYAH HA MIZBE'ACH KODESH KADASHIM

וּמָשַׁחְתָּ אֶת מִזְבַּח הָעֹלָה וְאֶת כָּל כֵּלָיו וְקִדַּשְׁתָּ אֶת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְהָיָה הַמִּזְבֵּחַ קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים

KJ: And thou shalt anoint the altar of the burnt offering, and all his vessels, and sanctify the altar: and it shall be an altar most holy.

BN: "And you shall anoint the altar of burnt-offering, and all its utensils, and sanctify the altar; and the altar shall be especially holy.

40:11 U MASHACHTA ET HA KIYOR VE ET KANO VE KIDASHTA OTO

וּמָשַׁחְתָּ אֶת הַכִּיֹּר וְאֶת כַּנּוֹ וְקִדַּשְׁתָּ אֹתוֹ

KJ: And thou shalt anoint the laver and his foot, and sanctify it.

BN: "And you shall anoint the wash-basin and its base, and sanctify it.

40:12 VE HIKRAVTA ET AHARON VE ET BANAV EL PETACH OHEL MO'ED VE RACHATSTA OTAM BA MAYIM

וְהִקְרַבְתָּ אֶת אַהֲרֹן וְאֶת בָּנָיו אֶל פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וְרָחַצְתָּ אֹתָם בַּמָּיִם

KJ: And thou shalt bring Aaron and his sons unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and wash them with water.

BN: "And you shall bring Aharon and his sons to the door of the Tent of Meeting, and wash them with water...

40:13 VE HILBASHTA ET AHARON ET BIGDEY HA KODESH U MASHACHTA OTO VE KIDASHTA OTO VE CHIHEN LI

וְהִלְבַּשְׁתָּ אֶת אַהֲרֹן אֵת בִּגְדֵי הַקֹּדֶשׁ וּמָשַׁחְתָּ אֹתוֹ וְקִדַּשְׁתָּ אֹתוֹ וְכִהֵן לִי

KJ: And thou shalt put upon Aaron the holy garments, and anoint him, and sanctify him; that he may minister unto me in the priest's office.

BN: "And you shall dress Aharon in the holy garments, and anoint him, and sanctify him, so that he may minister to me in the office of Kohen.

40:14 VE ET BANAV TAKRIV VE HILBASHTA OTAM KUTANOT

וְאֶת בָּנָיו תַּקְרִיב וְהִלְבַּשְׁתָּ אֹתָם כֻּתֳּנֹת

KJ: And thou shalt bring his sons, and clothe them with coats:

BN: "And you shall bring his sons, and dress them in their tunics.

KUTANOT: remember how Yoseph was dressed by Ya'akov in Genesis 37:3; likewise in a KUTANOT - KUTANOT PASIM in this case, כתנת פסים, a coat of many colours, which the archaeologists have identified as being the priestly garments of the Hyksos, the shepherd-kings, who conquered and ruled Mitsrayim (Egypt) for about a hundred and seventy years, before Ach-Mousa rose up and overthrew them - so it would appear that the priests of the Beney Yisra-El, who we have previously co-identified with the Hyksos, are still wearing their garments, and we need to determine: is this because Ach-Mousa didn't care about, or bother, to change them for traditional Egyptian priest-clothing; or because the two were always very similar anyway; or because the writers of the tale, a thousand years later, simply didn't know enough to realise there was a confusion? All three may in fact be correct.

40:15 U MASHACHTA OTAM KA ASHER MASHACHTA ET AVIYHEM VE CHI'HANU LI VE HAYETA LIHEYOT LAHEM MASHCHATAM LICH'HUNAT OLAM LE DOROTAM

וּמָשַׁחְתָּ אֹתָם כַּאֲשֶׁר מָשַׁחְתָּ אֶת אֲבִיהֶם וְכִהֲנוּ לִי וְהָיְתָה לִהְיֹת לָהֶם מָשְׁחָתָם לִכְהֻנַּת עוֹלָם לְדֹרֹתָם

KJ: And thou shalt anoint them, as thou didst anoint their father, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office: for their anointing shall surely be an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations.

BN: "And you shall anoint them, as you anointed their father, that they may minister to me in the office of Kohen; and this ritual of anointing shall continue for ever afterwards as the means by which all future Kohanim shall be anointed."

MASHACHTA: "The anointed one" - nothing to do with the Messiah.

40:16 VA YA'AS MOSHEH KE CHOL ASHER TSIVAH YHVH OTO KEN ASAH

וַיַּעַשׂ מֹשֶׁה כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֹתוֹ כֵּן עָשָׂה

KJ: Thus did Moses: according to all that the LORD commanded him, so did he.

BN: And so Mosheh did; everything, exactly as YHVH instructed him, so he did.

samech break; end of 5th fragment

40:17 VA YEHI BA CHODESH HA RI'SHON BA SHANAH HA SHENIT BE ECHAD LA CHODESH CHUKAM HA MISHKAN

וַיְהִי בַּחֹדֶשׁ הָרִאשׁוֹן בַּשָּׁנָה הַשֵּׁנִית בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ הוּקַם הַמִּשְׁכָּן

KJ: And it came to pass in the first month in the second year, on the first day of the month, that the tabernacle was reared up.

BN: And it came to pass in the first month of the second year, on the first day of the month, that the Mishkan was set up.

40:18 VA YAKEM MOSHEH ET HA MISHKAN VA YITEN ET ADANAV VA YASEM ET KERASHAV VA YITEN ET BERIYCHAV VA YAKEM ET AMUDAV

וַיָּקֶם מֹשֶׁה אֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּן וַיִּתֵּן אֶת אֲדָנָיו וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת קְרָשָׁיו וַיִּתֵּן אֶת בְּרִיחָיו וַיָּקֶם אֶת עַמּוּדָיו

KJ: And Moses reared up the tabernacle, and fastened his sockets, and set up the boards thereof, and put in the bars thereof, and reared up his pillars.

BN: And Mosheh set up the Mishkan, and laid out its sockets, and set up its planks, and put in its bars, and hoisted its rods.

YAKEM: Given that it was a tent, I am inclined to translate this as "pitched the Tabernacle".

40:19 VA YIPHROS ET HA OHEL AL HA MISHKAN VA YASEM ET MICHSEH HA OHEL ALAV MI LEMA'LAH KA ASHER TSIVAH YHVH ET MOSHEH

וַיִּפְרֹשׂ אֶת הָאֹהֶל עַל הַמִּשְׁכָּן וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת מִכְסֵה הָאֹהֶל עָלָיו מִלְמָעְלָה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת מֹשֶׁה

KJ: And he spread abroad the tent over the tabernacle, and put the covering of the tent above upon it; as the LORD commanded Moses.

BN: And he spread the Tent over the Tabernacle, and spread the covering of the Tent over it from above, as YHVH had instructed Mosheh.

samech break

40:20 VA YIKACH VA YITEN ET HA EDUT EL HA ARON VA YASEM ET HA BADIM AL HA ARON VA YITEN ET HA KAPORET AL HA ARON MI LEMALAH

וַיִּקַּח וַיִּתֵּן אֶת הָעֵדֻת אֶל הָאָרֹן וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת הַבַּדִּים עַל הָאָרֹן וַיִּתֵּן אֶת הַכַּפֹּרֶת עַל הָאָרֹן מִלְמָעְלָה

KJ: And he took and put the testimony into the ark, and set the staves on the ark, and put the mercy seat above upon the ark:

BN: And he took the Testimony and put it in the Ark, and set the staves on the Ark, and put the Ark-cover above upon the Ark.

40:21 VA YAV'E ET HA ARON EL HA MISHKAN VA YASEM ET PAROCHET HA MASACH VA YASECH AL ARON HA EDUT KA ASHER TSIVAH YHVH ET MOSHEH

וַיָּבֵא אֶת הָאָרֹן אֶל הַמִּשְׁכָּן וַיָּשֶׂם אֵת פָּרֹכֶת הַמָּסָךְ וַיָּסֶךְ עַל אֲרוֹן הָעֵדוּת כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת מֹשֶׁה

KJ: And he brought the ark into the tabernacle, and set up the vail of the covering, and covered the ark of the testimony; as the LORD commanded Moses.

BN: And he brought the Ark into the Mishkan, and set up the veil of the screen, and screened the Ark of the Testimony; as YHVH had instructed Mosheh.

samech break

40:22 VA YITEN ET HA SHULCHAN BE OHEL MO'ED AL YERECH HA MISHKAN TSAPHONAH MI CHUTS LA PAROCHET

וַיִּתֵּן אֶת הַשֻּׁלְחָן בְּאֹהֶל מוֹעֵד עַל יֶרֶךְ הַמִּשְׁכָּן צָפֹנָה מִחוּץ לַפָּרֹכֶת

KJ: And he put the table in the tent of the congregation, upon the side of the tabernacle northward, without the vail.

BN: And he put the table in the Tent of Meeting, on the side of the Mishkan facing north, outside the veil.

40:23 VA YA'AROCH ALAV ERECH LECHEM LIPHNEY YHVH KA ASHER TSIVAH YHVH ET MOSHEH

וַיַּעֲרֹךְ עָלָיו עֵרֶךְ לֶחֶם לִפְנֵי יְהוָה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת מֹשֶׁה

KJ: And he set the bread in order upon it before the LORD; as the LORD had commanded Moses.

BN: And he set a row of bread in order on it before YHVH, as YHVH had instructed Mosheh.

samech break

40:24 VA YASAM ET HA MENORAH BE OHEL MO'ED NOCHACH HA SHULCHAN AL YERECH HA MISHKAN NEGBAH

וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת הַמְּנֹרָה בְּאֹהֶל מוֹעֵד נֹכַח הַשֻּׁלְחָן עַל יֶרֶךְ הַמִּשְׁכָּן נֶגְבָּה

KJ: And he put the candlestick in the tent of the congregation, over against the table, on the side of the tabernacle southward.

BN: And he put the candlestick in the Tent of Meeting, over against the table, on the southern side of the Mishkan.

40:25 VA YA'AL HA NEROT LIPHNEY YHVH KA ASHER TSIVAH YHVH ET MOSHEH

וַיַּעַל הַנֵּרֹת לִפְנֵי יְהוָה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת מֹשֶׁה

KJ: And he lighted the lamps before the LORD; as the LORD commanded Moses.

BN: And he lit the lamps before YHVH, as YHVH had instructed Mosheh.

samech break

40:26 VA YASEM ET MIZBACH HA ZAHAV BE OHEL MO'ED LIPHNEY HA PAROCHET

וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת מִזְבַּח הַזָּהָב בְּאֹהֶל מוֹעֵד לִפְנֵי הַפָּרֹכֶת

KJ: And he put the golden altar in the tent of the congregation before the vail:

BN: And he put the golden altar in the Tent of Meeting, in front of the veil,

40:27 VA YAKTER ALAV KETORET SAMIM KA ASHER TSIVAH YHVH ET MOSHEH

וַיַּקְטֵר עָלָיו קְטֹרֶת סַמִּים כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת מֹשֶׁה

KJ: And he burnt sweet incense thereon; as the LORD commanded Moses.

BN: And he burnt incense of sweet spices on it, as YHVH had instructed Mosheh.

samech break; end of 6th fragment

40:28 VA YASEM ET MASACH HA PETACH LA MISHKAN

וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת מָסַךְ הַפֶּתַח לַמִּשְׁכָּן

KJ: And he set up the hanging at the door of the tabernacle.

BN: And he put up the door-screen on the Mishkan.

40:29 VE ET MIZBACH HA OLAH SAM PETACH MISHKAN OHEL MO'ED VA YA'AL ALAV ET HA OLAH VE ET HA MINCHAH KA ASHER TSIVAH YHVH ET MOSHEH

וְאֵת מִזְבַּח הָעֹלָה שָׂם פֶּתַח מִשְׁכַּן אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וַיַּעַל עָלָיו אֶת הָעֹלָה וְאֶת הַמִּנְחָה כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת מֹשֶׁה

KJ: And he put the altar of burnt offering by the door of the tabernacle of the tent of the congregation, and offered upon it the burnt offering and the meat offering; as the LORD commanded Moses.

BN: And he set the altar of burnt-offering by the door of the Tabernacle of the Tent of Meeting, and offered on it the burnt-offering and the meal-offering, as YHVH had instructed Mosheh.

samech break

40:30 VA YASEM ET HA KIYOR BEYN OHEL MO'ED U VEYN HA MIZBE'ACH VA YITEN SHAMAH MAYIM LE RACHTSAH

וַיָּשֶׂם אֶת הַכִּיֹּר בֵּין אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וּבֵין הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וַיִּתֵּן שָׁמָּה מַיִם לְרָחְצָה

KJ: And he set the laver between the tent of the congregation and the altar, and put water there, to wash withal.

BN: And he set the wash-basin between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and put water in it for washing...

40:31 VE RACHATSU MIMENU MOSHEH VE AHARON U VANAV ET YEDEYHEM VE ET RAGLEYHEM

וְרָחֲצוּ מִמֶּנּוּ מֹשֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו אֶת יְדֵיהֶם וְאֶת רַגְלֵיהֶם

KJ: And Moses and Aaron and his sons washed their hands and their feet thereat:

BN: So that Mosheh and Aharon and his sons might wash their hands and their feet there...

40:32 BE VO'AM EL OHEL MO'ED U VE KARVATAM EL HA MIZBE'ACH YIRCHATSU KA ASHER TSIVAH YHVH ET MOSHEH

בְּבֹאָם אֶל אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וּבְקָרְבָתָם אֶל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ יִרְחָצוּ כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת מֹשֶׁה

KJ: When they went into the tent of the congregation, and when they came near unto the altar, they washed; as the LORD commanded Moses.

BN: For when they went into the Tent of Meeting, and when they approached the altar, they were expected to wash, as YHVH had instructed Mosheh.

samech break

40:33 VA YAKEM ET HE CHATSER SAVIV LA MISHKAN VE LA MIZBE'ACH VA YITEN ET MASACH SHA'AR HE CHATSER VA YECHAL MOSHEH ET HA MELA'CHAH

וַיָּקֶם אֶת הֶחָצֵר סָבִיב לַמִּשְׁכָּן וְלַמִּזְבֵּחַ וַיִּתֵּן אֶת מָסַךְ שַׁעַר הֶחָצֵר וַיְכַל מֹשֶׁה אֶת הַמְּלָאכָה

KJ: And he reared up the court round about the tabernacle and the altar, and set up the hanging of the court gate. So Moses finished the work.

BN: And he set up the court around the Mishkan and the altar, and he put up the screen for the gate of the courtyard. So Mosheh finished the work.

pey break; maphtir

40:34 VA YECHAS HE ANAN ET OHEL MO'ED U CHEVOD YHVH MAL'E ET HA MISHKAN

וַיְכַס הֶעָנָן אֶת אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וּכְבוֹד יְהוָה מָלֵא אֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּן

KJ: Then a cloud covered the tent of the congregation, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.

BN: Then the cloud covered the Tent of Meeting, and the glory of YHVH filled the Mishkan.

KEVOD: As on several previous occasions when this word has been used, I am still struggling for a better translation. As a metaphor "glory" works, but what does it actually mean - in English. "Honour" is a more accurate translation, but doesn't resolve the issue. The inference (see next verse especially) is of an incredibly powerful aureole of light, the sort you would expect from the Yevarechecha; except that the Yevarechecha is the light from a sky-god, and this appears to be a volcano-god, and the cloud is clearly yet another eruption. Suggestions in the comment box at the foot of the page please.

40:35 VE LO YACHOL MOSHEH LAVO EL OHEL MO'ED KI SHACHAN ALAV HE ANAN U CHEVOD YHVH MAL'E ET HA MISHKAN

וְלֹא יָכֹל מֹשֶׁה לָבוֹא אֶל אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד כִּי שָׁכַן עָלָיו הֶעָנָן וּכְבוֹד יְהוָה מָלֵא אֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּן

KJ: And Moses was not able to enter into the tent of the congregation, because the cloud abode thereon, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.

BN: But Mosheh was unable to enter the Tent of Meeting, because the cloud was resting on it, and the glory of YHVH filled the Mishkan.

40:36 U VE HE'ALOT HE ANAN ME'AL HA MISHKAN YIS'U BENEY YISRA-EL BE CHOL MAS'EYHEM

וּבְהֵעָלוֹת הֶעָנָן מֵעַל הַמִּשְׁכָּן יִסְעוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּכֹל מַסְעֵיהֶם

KJ: And when the cloud was taken up from over the tabernacle, the children of Israel went onward in all their journeys:

BN: And whenever the cloud lifted off the Mishkan, the Beney Yisra-El travelled onwards; and this was the case throughout all their journeys.

Odd verse, since it is quite clear that they are not travelling at this time, and such a statement can only have been made after the journey was completed.

40:37 VE IM LO YE'ALEH HE ANAN VE LO YIS'U AD YOM HE'ALOTO

וְאִם לֹא יֵעָלֶה הֶעָנָן וְלֹא יִסְעוּ עַד יוֹם הֵעָלֹתוֹ

KJ: But if the cloud were not taken up, then they journeyed not till the day that it was taken up.

BN: But if the cloud did not lift, then they did not journey until it lifted.

Wimbledon and Lord's operate on the identical principal!

40:38 KI ANAN YHVH AL HA MISHKAN YOMAM VE ESH TIHEYEH LAILAH BO LE EYNEY CHOL BEYT YISRA-EL BE CHOL MAS'EYHEM

כִּי עֲנַן יְהוָה עַל הַמִּשְׁכָּן יוֹמָם וְאֵשׁ תִּהְיֶה לַיְלָה בּוֹ לְעֵינֵי כָל בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּכָל מַסְעֵיהֶם

KJ: For the cloud of the LORD was upon the tabernacle by day, and fire was on it by night, in the sight of all the house of Israel, throughout all their journeys.

BN: For YHVH's cloud sat upon the Mishkan by day, and fire smouldered in it by night, in the sight of all the house of Yisra-El, throughout all their journeys.

So this Book of YHVH ends where it properly should, with YHVH at the centre, and not the Beney Yisra-El.

Chazak chazak ve yitchazek

End of the Book of Exodus

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